第四章练习答案

练习 1：完整测试套件

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
class UserControllerTest {
    
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
    @Autowired
    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
    
    @Test
    void testGetAllUsers() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/api/users"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$").isArray());
    }
    
    @Test
    void testCreateUser() throws Exception {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("testuser");
        user.setEmail("test@example.com");
        
        mockMvc.perform(post("/api/users")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user)))
            .andExpect(status().isCreated())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.username").value("testuser"));
    }
    
    @Test
    void testGetUserNotFound() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/api/users/99999"))
            .andExpect(status().isNotFound());
    }
}

@DataJpaTest
class UserRepositoryTest {
    
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    
    @Test
    void testFindByEmail() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("testuser");
        user.setEmail("test@example.com");
        userRepository.save(user);
        
        Optional<User> found = userRepository.findByEmail("test@example.com");
        assertTrue(found.isPresent());
        assertEquals("testuser", found.get().getUsername());
    }
}

练习 2：Docker 多阶段构建

# 构建阶段
FROM maven:3.9-eclipse-temurin-17 AS build
WORKDIR /app
COPY pom.xml .
COPY src ./src
RUN mvn clean package -DskipTests

# 运行阶段
FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jre-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /app/target/*.jar app.jar

RUN addgroup -S spring && adduser -S spring -G spring
USER spring:spring

EXPOSE 8080

ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "app.jar"]

练习 3：GitHub Actions CI/CD

name: CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [ main ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ main ]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
    
    - name: Set up JDK 17
      uses: actions/setup-java@v3
      with:
        java-version: '17'
        distribution: 'temurin'
    
    - name: Build with Maven
      run: mvn clean install
    
    - name: Run tests
      run: mvn test
    
    - name: Build Docker image
      run: docker build -t myapp:latest .
    
    - name: Push to Docker Hub
      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
      run: |
        echo ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} | docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }} --password-stdin
        docker push myapp:latest

返回第四章概览